Welcome to Music Business Newsletter w/ Matthew Rix!
Dec. 26, 2025

Who Actually Makes Money in the Music Business?

Who Actually Makes Money in the Music Business?
Who Actually Makes Money in the Music Business?
Music Business Newsletter w/ Matthew Rix
Who Actually Makes Money in the Music Business?

In this episode of the Music Business Newsletter with Matthew Rix, I read an email from an independent artist who’s doing a lot “right” but still doesn’t understand how anyone actually makes money in the music business.
He’s 29.
He’s been releasing music for five years.
He has 40,000 monthly listeners, songs with 500k+ streams, tours occasionally, sells merch, and licenses music for small projects.
From the outside, it looks like success.
From the inside, the numbers don’t add up.
Streaming barely covers costs.
Shows are inconsistent once travel is factored in.
Merch only works in the right rooms.
And every opportunity seems to come with another percentage taken off the top.
Managers.
Agents.
Distributors.
Marketing.
And the question that keeps nagging him:
Is the music itself ever supposed to be the main source of income?
Or is that just something artists are told early on?
In this episode, I break down:
• Where money actually comes from for independent artists
• Why “looking successful” doesn’t equal being sustainable
• When building a team makes sense financially — and when it doesn’t
• Why do so many artists survive on adjacent income
• How to avoid building a career that stays busy but never builds leverage
• What a realistic, grown-up music career actually looks like
This is a practical conversation, not about fame or blowing up, but about stability, clarity, and understanding the business before it’s too late.
Have a question about the music industry?
Go to https://MatthewRix.com. Include as many details as possible so the answer can help you and others in the same situation.


Listen to Mattrix Minute for daily Music Business insight without the music industry hype.
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WEBVTT

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Hey, this is Matthew Ricks, and today on the Music

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Business newsletter, we got an email from a guy who's

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done everything and he's wondering where the money's at. But

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before we dive into that email, I'm gonna go ahead

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and ask you to subscribe to his channel if you

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don't already do it. And if you have a question

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on the music industry that you'd like for me to answer,

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just go to Matthewicks dot com click submit your question,

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give me as many details as possible, and we will

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answer it here on the channel. But now for the email,

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he says, Hey, Matthew, I'm writing because I realized I

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don't actually understand how the music business works anymore, not

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in a theatrical way, but in a real practical sense. Okay, well,

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we will try to help you. Let's continue with the email.

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He says. I'm twenty nine and I've been releasing music

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independently for about five years, and I feel like I'm

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constantly being told there's money and music. There can be

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money in music. It's not overnight. I remember this was

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man years ago. Guy hit me up on Instagram DM

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and he was just like, Spotify is a scam. Apple

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Music is a scam blah blah blah blah. And I

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was like, what's going on? You know? I thought it

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was gonna be a they don't pay enough thing. He

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goes on to tell me how. He's like, last month

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I did I don't know, one hundred thousand streams on

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Apple and Spotify combined, and I see it on my

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tune corn. He sends me the screenshot of his tune

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Core and I'm like, hey, man, that's great. What's the problem.

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He's like, I haven't been paid yet. And it was

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like three days into the new month, and I was like, dude,

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it's gonna be like two three months. He's like, what,

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they should pay me as soon as it's over, and

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I'm like, they're not in a hurry. That money sits

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in Spotify's account for a while, collect some interest, then

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they kick it over to Tune Corp. Sits in their

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bank accounts collect some interest. And he goes, well, mine's nothing,

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but if you take a hundred million songs and you're

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sitting on interest, that's pretty good money right there. But anyways,

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rants over, he says, but no one ever explains where

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it actually is or who is seeing it. He said,

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here's my situation. I have around forty thousand monthly listeners

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on Spotify, forty thousand. I have a few songs over

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five hundred thousand streams, so a half a million. Okay, Look,

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first of all, if this number is, if these two

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numbers are correct, that is forty thousand monthly listeners is

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outstanding and you should be seeing money. Um, that is

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a huge number. And a song with a half a

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million streams, I mean, that's that's huge. Man. I have

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a matrix minute song right now that's sitting at like

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nine hundred and forty five thousand streams on Spotify, and

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every day it goes up because you guys listen, so

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thank you for that. I'm just waiting for that meter

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to roll over to one million. I don't know why,

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I just I just want it so bad, and then

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I'll get in and just be like ooh, I thought

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it'd feel different, because that's what happens with me with everything.

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He got to continue. So he's got forty thousand monthly

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listeners on Spotify, five hundred tho, he's got a couple

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of songs with five hundred thousand streams. He says, I

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have a small but active fan base online. If you

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got forty thousand monthly listeners, my guy, you got a

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little bit bigger than a small but active fan base,

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he says. I tour occasionally, sell some merch and license

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my music for small indie projects when I can. My

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grandmother used to say that if this guy gave you

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a check for a million dollars, you'd complain that you

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got to go to the bank. I think this might

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be this type of situation, because if all of this

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is true, we're touring, we got a half a million

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streams on a song, we got forty thousand monthly listeners,

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We're touring, we're selling some merch, we're licensing our music,

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and we're not happy, he says. From the outside, people

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assume I'm doing well. Yeah, you should be. Now, are

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you buying a Bugatti with it? No? But you should

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be making some money here, he says. But when I

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actually look at the numbers, it feels like everything is

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spread thin. Streaming money barely covers anything. You got forty

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thousand monthly listeners, you should be I mean, if you

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got forty thousand monthly listeners, let's say they they all

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listen to five songs. I mean, that's two hundred thousand

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plays right there on Spotify a month. I mean, bro,

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you're talking that's that could be. Now, I don't know

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where you're from. You don't tell me where you're at

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in the world, but in the US, man, that could

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be twelve to fifteen hundred dollars a month. And you're

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saying it barely covers anything, unless it's a lot of

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free plays, non premium plays, because then forty thousand plays

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is like four bucks. But anyways, let's continue, he said.

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Merch helps, but when the room is right, shows are

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hit or miss once you factor in travel. I mean,

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so you're going to shows, you're driving touring. I don't know,

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you don't see you're in a band or a solo

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artists or whatever. But so you go and you drive

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to a show and it could be awesome or not.

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So you're a touring artist. Merch helps, but only when

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the room is right. I mean, dude, if you got

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forty if you're legit and you got forty thousand monthly

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listeners and you're playing good shows, those good shows that

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you do, now, the bad shows are bad shows. It

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happens to everybody. But you might go into a poor market.

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But if you're playing, like you know, if you're touring

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and you're playing good sized rooms, you should have good

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merch sales unless you have crap merch or you have

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it overpriced. Nobody knows who you are and you're selling

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a shirt for fifty bucks or something. But merch helps,

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but only when the room is right. I mean, if

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you if you dude, you you're telling me you got

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a half a million streams on songs and you're touring regularly,

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and your merch is a bust and probably sounds like

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a merch problem, he says. And every opportunity seems to

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come with someone else taking a percentage. Welcome to the

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music industry, he says. Managers want fifteen to twenty percent,

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agents want ten percent. Distributors take their cut. Marketing costs

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never stop, Okay, managers want fifteen to twenty Yes, I

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don't know what I mean unless your manager is like

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helping you, like license your music for projects. I don't

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really know why you need a manager. I just I

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don't an agent getting ten percent. Yeah, but they're the

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ones getting you your shows, right, they should be distributors

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taking their cut. I mean, if you're with Ditto or

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Tunecore or distro Kid. They don't take a cut of distribution,

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Cedie Baby, I don't know if they they used to,

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I don't know if they still do. I don't know

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what the orchard takes. But those three that I mentioned,

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they don't take a cut of distribution. You just pay

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an upfront fee every year. So I don't know why

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distributors are taking a cut marketing costs. You don't tell

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me what the marketing costs are. I don't know if

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you're running ads or if you're paying for services to

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help you reach that forty thousand monthly listeners. But I

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don't know what marketing costs you would have. And then

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also on this list here, you don't put touring costs.

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So I'm a little confused by all this. You don't

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really give me a lot of information on this one.

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But we'll continue. He says, I'm not complaining. I love

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these emails from artists that all they do is complain.

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Then they go, I'm not complaining, and then they continue

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to complain. Yes, you are complaining, he says. I know

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this is a business. I just don't understand how people

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move from this level to something sustainable you got forty

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thousand monthly streams. You tell me you're touring regularly. You are. Actually,

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if you're an independent artist and you're licensing your music

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to projects, you're getting paid for that, you are. I mean, bro,

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you're in the one percent of artists. If you are touring,

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licensing your projects forty thousand monthly listeners on Spotify, songs

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with over a half a million streams, you're not. You

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are not the typical artist who emails here. Usually we

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get like the worst stories, like hey, how do I

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turn my life around? But then you get the art.

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You get the emails from the artists who are they

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got four thousand monthly listeners and there's nothing wrong. I

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love those emails. The guys who you know, they're just

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trying to get a they're trying to get a gig.

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But you're doing all of this and you're not making

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any money. That is interesting, He says. What confuses me

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the most is that everyone around me seems to survive

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by doing adjacent things producing for other artists, writing for

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other artists, music, teaching lessons, running studios, creating content. Well,

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if you're touring, you really can't do lessons. And I

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know some artists who do producing when they're not on

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the road, but that's not really a thing writing for

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other artists. Writing for other artists is a gamble because

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you can write for other artists, but you don't know

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if like the label's gonna pick it up, or how

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much they're gonna gut the song. I mean, you might

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originally brought a song and you own seventy percent of

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the publishing, but after they had the other writers and

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they change it and they they you know, shorten it

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or make the chorus better or whatever, you could be

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down to fifteen percent. I've seen that happen. Actually, there

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was a there was an artist I was working with

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this artist, up and coming artists. We did her song.

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It was a phenomenal. Then a bigger artist actually caught it,

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like they heard it and they wanted it, and we're like, oh,

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we got to do this, like this is gonna be

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great publishing for you, be great publishing for the company.

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We're gonna you know, and everybody agreed. They went and

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did like ten rewrites on this song, and let's say

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the song's name was alien by the time they got

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done adding all the songwriters. Because everybody, the artist has

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to get in there because they want some publishing. The

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producers got to get in there because they want some publishing.

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Sometimes your A and R guy wants some publishing, so

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he'll add to the song as well. I never did that,

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but that's that's that's a that's the thing that A

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and R directors do. The song went from like let's

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just call it alien went to like you know, man

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on fire. It was like all they basically left was

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the melody and the original artists, you know, I think

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got like twenty percent publishing. Now, what they did was

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they flipped them just they just released the song on

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their own, which is what they would you know, because

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they all you're gonna get. All you're gonna have at

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the end of the day is somebody. You didn't sell

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it to them, You just let them use it. So really,

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at the end of the day, off both songs blow up,

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all you're gonna do is get accused of like stealing

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their melody line, which happens all the time. Running studios.

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I mean, yeah, there's there's some producers who are artists

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who tour, who run studios creating content. As an artist,

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you should be creating content anyways, and if you're doing

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it right, you could be getting monetized on Instagram or

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YouTube or TikTok, and that just kind of runs parallel

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with your music and touring. But I don't guess you're

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not doing that, he says. I'm sitting here wondering is

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the music itself ever supposed to be the main source

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of income? You dude, you have forty thousand monthly listeners,

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You have songs over a half a million streams. You

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tell me you're touring regularly. You tell me you've sold

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your music to projects. But see, here's the thing. I

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don't know where you live. I mean, you might live

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in San Francisco or New York City or London, which

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is really expensive to live, or you could be in Jackson, Mississippi,

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where it's pretty cheap to live. You just don't tell

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me where to live. But you should be making money here.

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If you have a manager that's taking fifteen to twenty percent,

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that's okay. They should be making you know, they should

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be getting you work to make up for that. Same

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with an agent. I mean, but your booking agents probably

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getting you all your shows anyways. I just don't know

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where you're not making any money. With what you're telling me,

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unless you're you're driving the shows. You're getting paid five

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hundred bucks for a show, and you're paying a you know,

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one thousand dollars in expenses with band and everything. If

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you're a solo artist and you're bringing a band down

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and you're paying them per show, that's gonna that's really

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going to hit into your budget. If you are in

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a band, you guys are splitting it up a couple

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of ways. You still should be making some money here.

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I'm not saying. Yeah, I'm not saying you're a millionaire,

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but you shouldn't be sending this email. Something's not something's

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a missed he says. Or is this or is that

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just something we tell ourselves early on. No, you should

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be making money with what you're doing. You should be

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making money, he says. I'm not chasing fame, I'm chasing stability. Well,

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you're an artist. You're never gonna have stability because you know,

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you could you could be the biggest artist in the

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world and then have to go on vocal rest and

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have to cancel a whole tour. You could be signed

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to a label and your an R director gets fired

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and you got a new an r director who can't

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stand you or like your music or whatever, and they

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show you like there is no stability in music. That's

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a myth. I don't really think there's a stability in

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a lot of life. You know, you go get a

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nine to five that the company could close tomorrow, you know,

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you get hit by a bus tomorrow, and there's you

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know that all the stability goes out the window. He says.

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I want to know what's a realistic growing up music

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career actually looks like, whether the path I'm on leads

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there or just keeps me busy forever. I mean I

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I dude, I've said this ten times already. You should

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be making money. You should be I mean one, you

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put that line in there about you're not doing content creation,

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so you should be doing content creation and reaching the

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goal where you can start making money from TikTok, YouTube, Instagram,

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making shorts, reels, all of that, promoting your music, promoting

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your upcoming shows, whatever. I don't understand why your merch

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isn't making more money if you're doing forty thousand monthly listeners.

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I don't know where you're not. I wish you would

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have told me when you told me you had forty

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thousand monthly listeners. I wish you would have told me

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how many streams you have all in every month. Another

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question I would have if we were just sitting here

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talking to each other, is who handles your money? Do

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you get all the money and then you pay everybody?

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Or is somebody bringing it in taking their cut, giving

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you the rest and then you got to pay the

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rest of the people. I'm just wondering about that because

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you should be making some money. Here, he goes, the

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question is where does music realistically come from? For independent artists? Shows,

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streaming merchandise, but you doing that, but then you also

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have your music licensed dandee projects. You need to once

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again get on TikTok, Instagram, YouTube, try to get monetized

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doing that. That's where your money comes in independently, same

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thing it does when you're a major artist. It all

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comes from the same place. It's just the stages are bigger,

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the size of the crowd is bigger, the more merch

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you sell. But it's all the same place. It's just

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on a smaller scale, he says. And at what point

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does a team actually make sense financially? Well, if you

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just told me you're paying a manager fifteen to twenty percent,

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and that's where your money's going going out. I mean,

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I'm a big believer that no artist should get a

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manager unless it's like we need you to negotiate a

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deal with a label, handle, licensing deal, stuff like that.

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But a lot of artists get managers is because they

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don't want to do the little stuff and they're just

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giving away their money. Some actually give away they're publishing too,

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which is ridiculous to give to a manager. He said,

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how do artists avoid building careers that look comperassive but

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don't pay. You're giving too much of your money out

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to people, which I think as we're as we continue

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in this email, I think you're probably giving a lot

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of your money away, or you're not watching where your

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money's going, and somebody's given it away or taking more

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than they should, skimming off the top. Because these numbers

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just don't You should not. You should be like you

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should be with what you're doing. If you're telling me

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the truth, your emails should be where do we go

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from here? Not how do I make money? That is crazy? Yeah,

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I would, I would probably say I would look to

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see where your money's going because it's probably got some

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legs of its own, he says. And how do you

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stop feeling like you're doing a lot of work without

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building leverage? I mean, you got forty thousand monthly listeners

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on Spotify, you you got your music, You're licensing your

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music out to projects, you're touring, you're selling merch Like,

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what else do you want here? You're building, You're doing

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stuff right now that artists who watch this what give

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their arm for? You know, Yeah, that's not enough. But

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I'm not complaining, I promise, he says. I'm not burnt

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out yet. Really, guy, he says, I'm just confused, And

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I'd rather understand the business side now than wake up

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in ten years and realize I misunderstood the game. I

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think you need to figure out where your money's going.

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I think you need to figure out what that forty

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thousand monthly listeners. Is it premium plays or is it

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a lot of free plays? Because if it's free plays,

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you're not gonna make any money. But also you got

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to try to you know, typically bots our free plays.

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You mentioned marketing money. I don't know. You never mention

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what you're paying marketing for. You mentioned paying for distribute distribution.

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I don't know why you're paying for distribution, so I

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would I would see where your money's going. You might

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have some really bad deals, you might have someone stealing

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your money, but I don't know why you're paying a

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monthly fee for distribution. I don't know why you got

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forty thousand monthly listeners on Spotify and you're asking me

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how you understand the game. If your numbers are correct,

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if you're if you're not playing me, this doesn't none

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of this makes sense, he says, I appreciate your perspective, Bob. Well, Bob, yeah,

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I would look to see where your money's going. Something's

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not right with your money. Something If if everything is

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on the up and up, then your numbers aren't as

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real as you're telling me. There's no way you're doing

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forty thousand monthly listeners on Spotify and you're broke. I'm

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not saying you're rich, but you shouldn't be sending this

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email with forty thousand monthly listeners. This is an email

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and artist with four hundred monthly listeners or four thousand,

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not even four thousand, four hundred, but you got four

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You tell me you got forty thousand night doesn't include

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any links to anything. But we'll take him at his

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word because why would he lie to me? But yeah,

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you got to figure out where your money's going. If

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all of this is true, you got to figure out

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where your money's going, because your money might have legs

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on it and it's just walking away from you. But

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you seem like you're just giving marketing distribution. You don't

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tell me what your tour costs are, So come up

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with a budget. You know, like, if you get paid

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a thousand bucks, you need to leverage that into you know,

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that show needs to get leverage into another show. So

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you have two shows that are paying a thousand bucks.

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Maybe your cost is seven hundred bucks and you get

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thirteen hundred after everything. But if you're paying, if your

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distributor is taking a cut and you're not signed to

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a you need to switch that distributor. I don't know

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what marketing you're doing, but that doesn't need to be

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that doesn't need to be happening as well. And lastly,

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like I said earlier, I don't know if you're getting

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the money and then you're paying everybody out or somebody

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else is getting the money, and then they're paying you,

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and then you've got to pay everybody out. But figure

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out where your money is going, because this just doesn't

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make a whole lot of sense. But good luck and

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thank you for the email. And if you haven't a

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question on the music industry that you'd like for me

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to answer, just go to Matthew Ricks dot com click

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submit your question, give me as many details as possible.

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We'll answer it here on the channel And until next time,

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I will talk to you later.